In German, if you want to sound sophisticated, you need to move beyond simple words like und and aber. You need connectors that show logic, contrast, and addition.
The three most important words for this are deshalb (therefore), trotzdem (nevertheless), and außerdem (besides). In this guide, we will look at exactly how to use them and—most importantly—where to put the verb.
1. Deshalb (Therefore / That’s why)
Use deshalb when you want to show a result or a consequence. It explains why something happened because of the first sentence.
- The Logic: Cause -> Result.
- Example: “Ich bin krank. Deshalb bleibe ich im Bett.” (I am sick. Therefore, I am staying in bed.)
- Synonyms: Darum, deswegen.
2. Trotzdem (Nevertheless / Anyway)
Trotzdem is used to show contrast. It’s the “even though” of the adverb world. You use it when the second sentence happens despite what was said in the first sentence.
- The Logic: Expectation -> Opposite Result.
- Example: “Es regnet. Trotzdem gehe ich spazieren.” (It is raining. Nevertheless, I am going for a walk.)
- Common Mistake: Don’t confuse this with obwohl. Obwohl is a Subordinate Clause word that kicks the verb to the end. Trotzdem keeps the verb in Position 2.
3. Außerdem (Furthermore / Besides)
Außerdem is used for addition. Use it when you want to give more information or add another point to your argument.
- The Logic: Idea A + Idea B.
- Example: “Die Wohnung ist groß. Außerdem ist sie sehr hell.” (The apartment is big. Furthermore, it is very bright.)
- Exam Tip: This is a “must-have” word for the writing section of the B1 and B2 exams to connect your points.
4. The “Verb-Second” Rule
The most important grammar rule for these words is that they occupy Position 1. In German, the verb must be in Position 2. This means as soon as you say deshalb, trotzdem, or außerdem, the very next word must be your conjugated verb.
Formula: [Connector] + [Verb] + [Subject] + …
- Correct: “Trotzdem habe ich Hunger.”
- Incorrect: “Trotzdem ich habe Hunger.”
Want to see more connectors and practice your word order? Check out our full lesson here: Konjunktionaladverbien in German – Master List.
5. Summary Table for Quick Reference
| Connector | Meaning | Function |
| Deshalb | Therefore | Shows a result. |
| Trotzdem | Nevertheless | Shows a contrast/surprise. |
| Außerdem | Furthermore | Adds extra information. |
Final Thoughts
By using deshalb, trotzdem, and außerdem, you instantly make your German sound more logical and connected. They are the “glue” that holds your thoughts together. Practice using one of these in your next German email or essay!
Next Step: Are you still struggling with the difference between “because” and “therefore”? Read our guide on Subordinate Clauses in German: Kausalsätze Explained Simply to master the “weil” vs. “deshalb” word order!