Possessivpronomen

📖 Explanation: What are Possessive Pronouns (Possessivpronomen)?

Possessive pronouns in German show ownership or belonging (like English “my”, “your”, “his”, etc.). They have two main uses:

  1. As possessive articles (before a noun, like determiners): They agree with the gender, number, and case of the noun they describe. Example: Das ist mein Buch. (This is my book.) Ich suche deinen Schlüssel. (I’m looking for your key.)
  2. As standalone pronouns (replacing a noun to avoid repetition): Example: Dein Auto ist neu, aber meins ist schneller. (Your car is new, but mine is faster.)

The basic forms are: mein (my), dein (your – informal singular), sein (his/its), ihr (her/their/formal your), unser (our), euer (your – informal plural), Ihr (your – polite).

They are always declined (change endings) based on the noun’s gender and case – similar to ein-words (like ein/einen/einem).

📋 Table 1: Basic Possessive Pronouns

PersonBasic FormEnglish
ichmeinmy
dudeinyour (singular informal)
er / esseinhis / its
sie (she)ihrher
wirunserour
ihreueryour (plural informal)
sie (they)ihrtheir
Sie (polite)Ihryour (polite)

📋 Table 2: Declension as Possessive Articles – Nominative

OwnerMasculineFeminineNeuterPlural
mein (my)meinmeinemeinmeine
dein (your)deindeinedeindeine
sein (his/its)seinseineseinseine
ihr (her)ihrihreihrihre
unser (our)unserunsereunserunsere
euer (your pl.)euereureeuereure
ihr (their)ihrihreihrihre
Ihr (polite)IhrIhreIhrIhre

📋 Table 3: Declension as Possessive Articles – Accusative

OwnerMasculineFeminine/PluralNeuter
meinmeinenmeinemein
deindeinendeinedein
seinseinenseinesein
ihrihrenihreihr
unserunserenunsereunser
euereureneureeuer
ihrihrenihreihr
IhrIhrenIhreIhr

📋 Table 4: Declension as Possessive Articles – Dative

OwnerMasculine/NeuterFemininePlural
meinmeinemmeinermeinen
deindeinemdeinerdeinen
seinseinemseinerseinen
ihrihremihrerihren
unserunseremunsererunseren
euereuremeurereuren
ihrihremihrerihren
IhrIhremIhrerIhren

🔑 Rules and Tips

  • Always match the ending to the noun’s gender/case, not the owner’s! Example: mit meinem Vater (masculine dative) vs. mit meiner Mutter (feminine dative).
  • unser and euer often drop the ‘e’ in some forms for easier pronunciation: unser → unsrer (rare in modern German, but possible).
  • Standalone forms (e.g., meinsdeins) are used like nouns and are capitalized only at sentence start.
  • Common mistake: Confusing ihr (her/their) with Ihr (polite your) – always capitalize the polite form!
  • Practice: Start with nominative and accusative, then add dative (very common in German).

Examples:

  • Das ist ihr Hund. (That’s her dog.) → Ja, er ist ihrs. (Yes, he’s hers.)
  • Kann ich euer Auto benutzen? (Can I use your (pl.) car?)
  • Mein Haus ist groß, aber deines ist schöner. (My house is big, but yours is nicer.)

Master these and your German will sound much more natural!